Name: Sapphire Lens
Rating: 4.5 (100 reviews)

Key Features

Materials

Optical glass such as K9, fused silica, sapphire, MgF2, silicon (Si), ZnSe, ZnS, etc. These materials possess high transmittance, low absorption, low scattering, uniform refractive index, and specific dispersion characteristics.
Shape

Precisely hemispherical. The machining precision of the center and radius of curvature of the sphere is extremely high.
Surface Quality

The surface is precision polished to an optical grade of 10-5 to ensure image quality and reduce scattering and aberrations.
Coating

An AR coating is typically applied to the concave surface to maximize the transmittance of specific wavelengths of light (e.g. visible light) and reduce reflection loss.

Drawing

Specification of Sapphire Lens

Crystallographic	Syngony	Tetragon
	Symmetry Class	3m
	Lattice Constants	a = 4.758 Å c = 12.991 Å
	Cleavability	(1011), (1120) imperfect
Optical	Refractive Index at ne	1.7771
	Refractive Index at nF' - nC'	0.0107
	Thermal Coefficient of Refractive Index at 3.39 microns for ±60 °C	βo = (0.88 ... 1.28) x 10-5 βe = (0.99 ... 1.39) x 10-5
	Spectral Range, microns	0.17 - 5.0
Thermal	Thermal Linear Expansion, °C-1 for ±60 °C
	⊥ to c-axis	(3.24 ... 5.66) x 10-6
	Thermal Conductivity, W/(m * °C) at 46 °C
	⊥ to c-axis	25.2
	\|\| to c-axis	23.1
	Specific Heat Capacity, J/(kg * °C)	0.7610 x 103
	Thermal Stability, °C	162 ±8
	Melting Point, °C	2030
Chemical	Molecular Weight	101.96
Chemical	Solubility in water, gram/100 cm3	98 x 1010

Ref. Index vs. Wavelength λ

Wavelength, Microns	Refractive Index no	Refractive Index ne
1.0	1.7545	1.7460
2.0	1.7374	1.7299
3.0	1.7015	1.6920
4.0	1.6748	1.6679

Internal Transmittance Ti (λ) vs. Wavelength λ

Wavelength, Microns	Internal Transmittance
0.2	0.79
0.5	0.97
1.0	0.97
3.0	0.97
5.0	0.45

Application of Sapphire Component

Widely used in infrared and far-infrared military equipment, such as: used in night vision infrared and far-infrared sights, night vision cameras and other instruments and satellites, space technology instruments and meters, as well as windows for high-power lasers, various Optical prisms, optical windows, UV and IR windows and lenses, and observation ports for low-temperature experiments are fully used in high-precision instruments and meters for navigation, aerospace, and aviation.

Sapphire window/lens

	Commercial grade	Precision grade	High precision grade
Diameter	1-300mm
Diameter tolerance	±0.1mm	±0.05mm	±0.01mm
Thickness tolerance	+0/-0.1mm	±0.05mm	±0.01mm
Parallelism	<3 arc min	<30 arc sec	<5 arc sec
Surface quality:	60/40	40/20	20/10
Surface accuracy	λ	λ/4	λ/10

Typical Application Areas

Underwater Photography and Detection:

Observation windows for underwater cameras, ROVs (Remotely Operated Vehicles), and AUVs (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles). The hemispherical design provides a near 180° wide field of view while withstanding water pressure.
Underwater Photography and Detection:

Observation windows for underwater cameras, ROVs (Remotely Operated Vehicles), and AUVs (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles). The hemispherical design provides a near 180° wide field of view while withstanding water pressure.
Underwater Photography and Detection:

Observation windows for underwater cameras, ROVs (Remotely Operated Vehicles), and AUVs (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles). The hemispherical design provides a near 180° wide field of view while withstanding water pressure.