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Ball Lens
Ball Lens
Ball Lens
Ball Lens
Optical Spherical Lens

Ball Lens

Ball lens is the simplest type of optical lens. The basic principle of ball lens imaging is refraction. When light travels from one medium (such as air) into another medium of different density (such as glass), its direction of propagation changes. The focal length (f) of a ball lens depends on its diameter (D) and the refractive index (n) of the material it is made of. Its approximate formula is: f ≈ D / (4(n-1))

Advantages of Ball Lens
  • Simple structure and low cost
    Simple structure and low cost

  • Strong symmetry
    Strong symmetry

    Their optical characteristics are the same from any direction, with no directionality, making installation convenient.

  • Short focal length and high numerical aperture
    Short focal length and high numerical aperture

    They can achieve a high numerical aperture (NA) at a very short working distance, thus converging a large amount of light.

  • Robust and durable
    Robust and durable

    Compared to complex lens groups, a solid sphere is less prone to misalignment or damage due to mechanical stress.

Specification of Ball Lens
Substrate MaterialH-K9L(CDGM), Sapphire, Ruby, JGS1, JGS2, Silicon, High Borosilicate etc.
Dimension0.5mm~80mm
Diamerter Tolerance
In general ±0.1mm, Best ±0.005mm
Sphericty0.01 mm (10 µm), 0.005mm (5 µm), 0.001mm (1 µm)
Center Tolerance±0.03mm~0.05mm
Surface Quality60/40, 40/20, 20/10, 10/5
Typical Application Areas
  • Fiber Optic Communication
    Fiber Optic Communication
    - Fiber Optic Coupling: Used to efficiently couple light emitted from a laser diode into a single-mode fiber, or to couple light from two fibers. This is the most classic and widely used application of ball lenses. - Optical Isolators/Circulators: Ball lenses are used internally for collimation and focusing of light.
  • Sensors
    Sensors
    In some optoelectronic sensors and barcode scanners, they are used to converge reflected light onto the detector.
  • Endoscopes and Micro-Optical Systems
    Endoscopes and Micro-Optical Systems
    In extremely confined spaces, ball lenses can be used as miniature objectives or condensers.
  • Laser Processing
    Laser Processing
    In some low-power laser marking or engraving equipment, they are used to focus laser beams.
  •  Teaching and Demonstration
    Teaching and Demonstration
    Due to their simple structure, they are ideal teaching aids for explaining basic optical concepts such as refraction, focal length, and aberrations.
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