Silicon (Si)

Silicon (Si)

Monocrystalline silicon is an infrared optical material with excellent comprehensive cost performance. Optical grade Czochralski silicon (OCZ-Si) as a transmission grade material is widely used in the mid-infrared (3-5um) band, and the infrared transmittance exceeds 50%. Zone-melted monocrystalline silicon can be used in a wider band (1-14um), and high-purity zone-melted monocrystalline silicon (HPFZ-Si) can even be used in the far-infrared band (greater than 30um). The choice of silicon type depends on the wavelength range, component thickness and specific application.

Silicon (Si)  Descriptions

Single crystal silicon is a chemically inert material with high hardness and insoluble in water. It has good light transmission performance in the 1.2-7μm band, and it also has good light transmission in the far infrared band 300-300μm. Performance, which is a feature that other optical and infrared materials do not have. Silicon (Si) single crystals are usually used in the substrate of 3-5μm mid-wave infrared optical windows and optical filters. Because of the material's good thermal conductivity and low density, It is also a common material for making laser mirrors. The density of monocrystalline silicon is 2.316g/cm³, and the Knoop hardness is 1150, which is harder and less fragile than germanium.

Silicon (Si)  Specifications

CrystallographicGrowth MethodCZ OR FZ
Purity>99.9999%
OpticalRefractive Index at n3.03.436
Refractive Index at n5.03.426
Thermal Coefficient of Refractive Index at 25 ℃1.50 x 10-4
Transmission Range, microns1.2 - 10, 50 - 100
Thermal Linear Expansion, ℃-1 for 25 ℃2.55 x 10-6
ThermalThermal Conductivity, W/(m * ℃) at 27 ℃159
Specific Heat Capacity, J/(kg * ℃)0.712 x 103
Melting Point, ℃1412
MechanicalDensity, g/cm3 at 20 ℃2.33
Mohs Hardness7
Young Modulus (E), Pa1.89 x 1010
Shear Modulus (G), Pa7.99 x 1010
Poisson Ratio0.266
ChemicalMolecular Weight28.09
Molecular Weightinsoluble


Ref. Index vs. Wavelength λ


Wavelength, MicronsRefractive Index
1.53.484
23.456
33.436
43.429
53.426
63.424
73.423
83.422
93.422


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